When industrial history experiments were conducted at Western Electric’s factory in the Chicago suburb of Hawthorne in the 1920s, the term “Hawthorne Effect” was coined. Scientists William Dickson (business representative), Roethlisberger and Whilehead (sociologists), and Elton Mayo (psychologist) were part of this research team. People who are the objects of research and experiments have a tendency to alter their behavior because they are aware that they are being studied, a phenomenon known as the Hawthorne Effect. Their conduct has changed as a result of the experimenters’ attention to them.
